These London Underground quiz questions and answers are designed to test your knowledge on all aspects of one of the world's most extensive (and most expensive!) Passengers travelling without a valid ticket must pay a penalty fare of 80 (40 if paid within 21days) and can be prosecuted for fare evasion under the Regulation of Railways Act 1889 and Transport for London Byelaws. [299] The project was critically acclaimed, with the Royal Fine Arts Commission describing the project as "an example of patronage at its best and most enlightened", and two stations shortlisted for the Stirling Prize. Central Line [51][52] The Piccadilly line was extended north to Cockfosters and took over District line branches to Harrow (later Uxbridge) and Hounslow. On our website, you will find the following information about the London Underground: maps of daytime and night-time services, fares, timetables, maps of each tube line, and the railway lines connecting each end of Greater London. [280], An early form of the roundel as used on the platform at Ealing Broadway, The form used today outside Westminster tube station, Roundel and "way out" arrow on a platform at Bethnal Green station, Michael Craig-Martin's 2016 roundel design, NO SMOKING signs using the roundel which are present only on the 1972 stock trains of the Bakerloo line, Seventy of the 272 London Underground stations use buildings that are on the Statutory List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest, and five have entrances in listed buildings. [281] The Metropolitan Railway's original seven stations were inspired by Italianate designs, with the platforms lit by daylight from above and by gas lights in large glass globes. [192], The Underground received 2.669billion in fares in 2016/17 and uses Transport for London's zonal fare system to calculate fares. Heathrow Terminal 4 station was closed during the COVID national lockdown. Until 1994 the Waterloo & City line was operated by British Rail and its predecessors. 270 stations Since then the Underground network, affectionately nicknamed the Tube by generations of Londoners, has grown to 270 stations and 11 lines stretching deep into the Capital's suburbs, and beyond. [162] The EE network has also recently released a WiFi calling feature available on the iPhone. build the 'Thameslink 2' to Stratford via Greenwich, Canary Wharf and Bromley-by-Bow to take pressure off the DLR, and then go up to Stansted Airport where . This will replace the existing fleet with new air-cooled articulated trains and a new signalling system to allow Automatic Train Operation. There were many instances of passengers collapsing whilst travelling, due to heat and pollution, leading for calls to clean the air through the installation of garden plants. The London Underground has been running for 160 years. [216][217] The nightly closures are used for maintenance,[216] but some lines stay open on New Year's Eve[218] and run for longer hours during major public events such as the 2012 London Olympics. The buildings had metal lettering attached to pale walls. 1. [247] A special staff training facility was opened at West Ashfield tube station in TFL's Ashfield House, West Kensington in 2010 at a cost of 800,000. [338] Routes on the Underground can also be optimized using a global network optimization approach, akin to routing algorithms for Internet applications. [255] A Central London Railway route diagram appears on a 1904 postcard and 1905 poster,[256] similar maps appearing in District Railway cars in 1908. These would be used to increase frequencies and cover the Battersea extension on the Northern line.[183]. Printed in yellow on the Tube map, the 17-mile (27 km) line serves 36 stations, including most of London's main line termini. ", "Elizabeth line: almost 50 years in the planning for Crossrail timeline", "Elizabeth line: Crossrail complete after decades of struggle", "Coronavirus: 40 London Underground stations to be closed", "London Underground: Nine Elms and Battersea Power Station set to open", "Northern Line extension: Two new Tube stations open", "150 London Underground facts (including the birth of Jerry Springer in East Finchley station)", "Which London Underground line is the fastest? [10] As of 2015[update], 92% of operational expenditure is covered by passenger fares. [15] This was followed by the adoption of Apple Pay in 2015[196] and Android Pay in 2016,[197] allowing payment using a contactless-enabled phone or smartwatch. Victoria) London Overground & Bakerloo line. [58] The Second World War suspended these plans after the Bakerloo line had reached Stanmore and the Northern line High Barnet and Mill Hill East in 1941. Erase Asia (No Outlines or Skips) 5. LONDON TUBE MAP. [335], The London Underground provides busking permits for up to 39 pitches across 25 central London stations, with over 100,000 hours of live music performed each year. [307] The Met changed to a serif letterform for its signs in the 1920s, used on the stations rebuilt by Clark. Estimated to cost between 4.7bn to 7.9bn (in 2017 prices), the extension would take around 7 years to construct. In 2020, passenger numbers fell significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic and 40 stations were temporarily closed. [16] This technology, developed in-house by TfL,[207] has been licensed to other major cities like New York City[208] and Boston. New full-sized underground National Rail platforms at Lewisham (a great opportunity to rebuild that terrible station!) [17][18][19] The schematic Tube map, designed by Harry Beck in 1931, was voted a national design icon in 2006 and now includes other transport systems besides the Underground, such as the Docklands Light Railway, London Overground, Thameslink, the Elizabeth line, and Tramlink. This test tunnel was used for two years in the development of the first underground train, and was later, in 1861, filled up. London tram workers queue up for their pay at the tram subway in Kingsway, High Holborn on April 7 1930. [137], In June 2006 a groundwater cooling system was installed at Victoria station. The current operator, London Underground Limited (LUL), is a wholly owned subsidiary of Transport for London (TfL), the statutory corporation responsible for the transport network in London. Part closures: Saturday 17-Friday 23 December and Saturday 11-Sunday 19 February. [3] It is operated by Transport for London (TfL). Over 500million journeys have taken place using contactless, and TfL has become one of Europe's largest contactless merchants, with around 1 in 10 contactless transactions in the UK taking place on the TfL network. [244], London Underground is authorised to operate trains by the Office of Rail Regulation. The 11 new stations were designed to be "Future-proof", with wide passageways, large quantities of escalators and lifts, and emergency exits. In the 2010s, consultation events and preliminary design work took place on an extension. Three South Western Railway passenger trains a day use District Line tracks between Wimbledon and East Putney. 4. [311] Graphic posters first appeared in the 1890s,[312] and it became possible to print colour images economically in the early 20th century. [9], The system's first tunnels were built just below the ground, using the cut-and-cover method; later, smaller, roughly circular tunnelswhich gave rise to its nickname, the Tubewere dug through at a deeper level. [336] Performers are chosen by audition, with previous buskers including Ed Sheeran, George Michael and Rod Stewart.[337]. Access from platform to train at some stations can be assisted using a boarding ramp operated by staff, and a section has been raised on some platforms to reduce the step. Answer (1 of 5): I believe it's London Waterloo, with 24 platforms. One infraco Metronet went into administration in 2007, and TfL took over the other Tube Lines in 2010. As with the Victoria line, the service frequency is planned to increase to 36 trains per hour. There are 184 lifts,[153] and numbers have increased in recent years because of investment in making tube stations accessible. Approximately 55 per cent of its routes are . 1. The 85 existing 1992-stock trains are the most unreliable on the London Underground as they are equipped with the first generation of solid-state direct-current thyristor-control traction equipment. [88], In July 2005, four coordinated terrorist attacks took place, three of them occurring on the Tube network. In some places, the tunnels are above each other (for example, the Central line east of St Paul's station), or the running tunnels are on the right (for example on the Victoria line between Warren Street and King's Cross St. Pancras, to allow cross-platform interchange with the Northern line at Euston). The Central line operates at 20-minute intervals between Leytonstone and Hainault, between Leytonstone and Loughton, and between White City and Ealing Broadway. The Hammersmith and City line, which runs from Hammersmith in west London to Barking in east London, serves 29 tube stations and shares stops with the District, Circle, Metropolitan,. [219] Some lines are occasionally closed for scheduled engineering work at weekends. [239] Capacity increases have been overtaken by increased demand, and peak overcrowding has increased by 16 percent since 200405. Fast and semi-fast services operate only during peak hours; southbound only in the mornings, northbound only in the evenings. [60] After work restarted on the Central line extensions in east and west London, these were completed in 1949. [240], Compared with 200304, the reliability of the network had increased in 201011, with lost customer hours reduced from 54million to 40million. In the 2010s, the 18.8bn Crossrail project built a new eastwest railway tunnel under central London. Originally, air turbulence was kept to a minimum by keeping all signage flat to the tunnel walls. The London Underground is a metro system in the United Kingdom that serves Greater London and the home counties of Buckinghamshire, Essex and Hertfordshire. [6], The Underground has its origins in the Metropolitan Railway, the world's first underground passenger railway. [69] In the early 1960s, the Metropolitan line was electrified as far as Amersham, British Railways providing services for the former Metropolitan line stations between Amersham and Aylesbury. [70] In 1962, the British Transport Commission was abolished, and the London Transport Executive was renamed the London Transport Board, reporting directly to the Minister of Transport. [310], Early advertising posters used various letter fonts. [206], In 2014, TfL became the first public transport provider in the world to accept payment from contactless bank cards. [194] The tube map came second in a BBC and London Transport Museum poll asking for a favourite UK design icon of the 20th century[265] and the underground's 150th anniversary was celebrated by a Google Doodle on the search engine. [129] Since 1999 all new stock has had to comply with accessibility regulations that require such things as access and room for wheelchairs, and the size and location of door controls. Please try to keep recent events in historical perspective and add more content related to non-recent events. [3] It is operated by Transport for London (TfL). The 6 London boroughs with no Tube stations The five unlucky London boroughs that have never been served by a Tube station are Kingston upon Thames, Croydon, Bexley, Bromley and Sutton. London E20 1JN. [296] Few new stations were built in the 50 years after 1948, but Misha Black was appointed design consultant for the 1960s Victoria line, contributing to the line's uniform look,[297] with each station having an individual tile motif. Electrification was extended north from Harrow to Rickmansworth, and branches opened from Rickmansworth to Watford in 1925 and from Wembley Park to Stanmore in 1932. The line is predicted to run 36 trains per hour, a 25% increase compared to the present service of 34 trains for the busiest 30 minutes in the morning and evening peaks and 2730 trains per hour during the rest of the peak. When the Bakerloo line opened in 1906, it was advertised with a maximum temperature of 60F (16C), but over time the tube tunnels have warmed up. [1] The Circle, District, Hammersmith & City, and Metropolitan lines form the sub-surface network, with railway tunnels just below the surface and of a similar size to those on British main lines, converging on a circular bi-directional loop around zone 1. [79], On 18 November 1987, fire broke out in an escalator at King's Cross St Pancras tube station. The Central line will be part of the New Tube for London Project. Some stations at the north-eastern end of the Central line are in the Epping Forest district of Essex and some stations at the north-western end of the Metropolitan line are in the Three Rivers and Watford districts of Hertfordshire, and Buckinghamshire. Its first section opened in 1863, making it the oldest underground metro system in the world. Coming in second for length and second for number of stations it serves (53), just like the ride itself this line is very much the second 2 Metropolitan line - 66.7km. [159] UK subscribers to the Three mobile network can use the[160] InTouch[161] app to route their voice calls and texts messages via the Virgin Media Wifi network at 138 London Transport stations. All Usage statistics (total entry plus exits) are in millions per year for 2021 , Video of every London Underground Station, Circle and Hammersmith & City lines station, Bakerloo, Circle and District lines station, List of former and unopened London Underground stations, List of busiest London Underground stations, London Underground stations that are listed buildings, "New Northern line stations open today as Tube extends to Battersea Power Station", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_London_Underground_stations&oldid=1132862226, Commercial Road: (Proposed before opening), Nightingale Lane: (Proposed before opening), Ilford North/Cranbrook: (Proposed before opening), King's Cross (Metropolitan line): 18631925, Cranbourn Street: (Proposed before opening), Lisson Grove/Marylebone: (Proposed before opening), King William Street: (Proposed before opening), Moorgate Street (Metropolitan line): 18651924, Seymour Street: (Proposed before opening), East Barnet/Merryhills: (Proposed before opening), Kennington Oval: (Proposed before opening), Paddington (Praed Street) (Circle line): 18681947, Ilford West/Red House: (Proposed before opening), Newgate Street: (Proposed before opening), Ducketts Green/Harringay: (Proposed before opening), Warrington Crescent: (Proposed before opening), Archway Tavern: (Proposed before opening), Arsenal (Highbury Hill): 1932 (suffix gradually dropped), Lombard Street (Northern line): (Proposed before opening), Bayswater (Queen's Road) & Westbourne Grove: 192333, Bayswater (Queensway): 1946 (suffix gradually dropped), Sheaves Hill/Orange Hill/Deansbrook: (Proposed before opening), Burnt Oak (Watling): 1928 (suffix gradually dropped), Chancery Lane (Grays Inn): 1934 (suffix gradually dropped), Trafalgar Square (Bakerloo line): 190679, Charing Cross (Strand) (Northern line): 191415, Charing Cross (Embankment) (Bakerloo & Northern lines): 191415, This page was last edited on 10 January 2023, at 23:39. There were 43 deaths and 74 injuries, the greatest loss of life during peacetime on the London Underground. [132] Temperatures of 117F (47C) were reported in the 2006 European heat wave. The service operates on the: The Jubilee, Piccadilly and Victoria lines, and the Central line between White City and Leytonstone, operate at 10-minute intervals. [98][100] By increasing rail capacity, the line aims to reduce overcrowding on the Tube and cut cross-London journey times. [175][176], The signalling system on the Northern line has been replaced to increase capacity on the line by 20%, as the line now runs 24 trains per hour at peak times, compared to 20 previously. Other famous London Underground branding includes the roundel and the Johnston typeface, created by Edward Johnston in 1916. [234] By 2016 a third of stations had platform humps that reduce the step from platform to train. [25] The Metropolitan District Railway (commonly known as the District Railway) opened in December 1868 from South Kensington to Westminster as part of a plan for an underground "inner circle" connecting London's main-line stations. Piccadilly line capacity could be increased by 60% with 33 trains per hour (tph) at peak times by 2025. [55] In the same year that the London Passenger Transport Board was formed, Harry Beck's diagrammatic tube map first appeared. On the Circle and Hammersmith & City lines . The peak frequency was increased to 36 trains per hour in 2016 after track works were completed to the layout of the points at Walthamstow Central crossover, which transfers northbound trains to the southbound line for their return journey. [253], Early maps of the Metropolitan and District railways were city maps with the lines superimposed,[254] and the District published a pocket map in 1897. [96][97] Many Overground stations interchange with Underground ones, and Overground lines were added onto the Tube map. [16] The Underground first started accepting contactless debit and credit cards in September 2014. Originally a joint Great Western and Metropolitan railways service, the line first appeared separately on the tube map in 1990. In 1999, Carlton Television premiered a regional game show (Greater London area only) also called Mind the Gap. wo men have been stabbed in broad daylight close to a north-west London Tube station. As at 19 March 2013[update] there had been 310days since the last major incident,[245] when a passenger had died after falling on the track. [202] It can be loaded with Travelcards and used on the Underground, the Overground, buses, trams, the Docklands Light Railway, and National Rail services within London. The trains often break down, have to be withdrawn from service at short notice and at times are not available when required, leading to gaps in service at peak times. [165] Due to financial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, work to implement the extension is currently on hold. The resulting fire cost the lives of 31 people and injured a further 100. District Line The District Line has the most stations: 60. Updated: August 2022. The line runs 34 trains per hour for half an hour in the morning peak but is unable to operate more frequently because of a lack of additional trains. London tram workers in 1930. The tiling at Baker Street incorporates repetitions of Sherlock Holmes's silhouette,[302] at Tottenham Court Road semi-abstract mosaics by Eduardo Paolozzi feature musical instruments, tape machines and butterflies, [303] and at Charing Cross, David Gentleman designed the mural depicting the construction of the Eleanor Cross. Travel tools; [278][279], In 2016, Tate Modern commissioned conceptual artist Michael Craig-Martin to "reimagine" the roundel, changing its colours for the first time since the sign was introduced. [145] The first escalator on the London Underground was installed in 1911 between the District and Piccadilly platforms at Earl's Court and from the following year new deep-level stations were provided with escalators instead of lifts. This page was last edited on 16 January 2023, at 16:57. The study had showed that, with new generation trains and re-signalling: The project is estimated to cost 16.42 billion (9.86billion at 2013 prices). 14:18, Tue It was first opened in 1863 and is the second-busiest underground station in the whole of London. [257] In the same year, following a marketing agreement between the operators, a joint central area map that included all the lines was published. 1940: People asleep on the platform of Holborn underground station during an air raid. 1868. [47] An extension of the Central line west to Ealing was also delayed by the war and was completed in 1920. The Metropolitan line can reach speeds of 62mph (100km/h). Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3 has a single-player level named Mind The Gap where most of the level takes place between the dockyards and Westminster while the player and a team of SAS attempt to take down terrorists attempting to escape using the London Underground via a hijacked train. [268], While the first use of a roundel in a London transport context was the trademark of the London General Omnibus Company registered in 1905, it was first used on the Underground in 1908 when the UERL placed a solid red circle behind station nameboards on platforms to highlight the name. The Northern line operates at roughly 8-minute intervals between Morden and Camden Town via Charing Cross, and at 15-minute intervals between Camden Town and Edgware and between Camden Town and High Barnet. The London Underground (also known simply as the Underground or by its nickname the Tube) is a rapid transit system serving Greater London and some parts of the adjacent counties of Buckinghamshire, Essex and Hertfordshire in England. This, combined with segregation of trains at Camden Town junction, will allow 3036 trains per hour compared to 24 trains per hour currently. Opened on 10 January 1863,[7] it is now part of the Circle, District, Hammersmith & City and Metropolitan lines. [194] Paper tickets, the contactless Oyster cards, contactless debit or credit cards[195] and Apple Pay[196] and Android Pay[197] smartphones and watches can be used for travel. The line is predicted to run 3036 trains per hour, up to a 50% increase compared to the 2425 train per hour service provided today. Stations. [73], On 28 February 1975, a southbound train on the Northern City Line failed to stop at its Moorgate terminus and crashed into the wall at the end of the tunnel, in the Moorgate tube crash. [291] In the 1920s and 1930s, Charles Holden designed a series of modernist and art-deco stations some of which he described as his 'brick boxes with concrete lids'. [82] The stations have subsequently been praised as exemplary pieces of 20th century architecture. The Underground is served by the following depots: In the years since the first parts of the London Underground opened, many stations and routes have been closed. [81], In April 1994, the Waterloo & City Railway, by then owned by British Rail and known as the Waterloo & City line, was transferred to the London Underground. London: Vintage Books. [37] The Metropolitan even encouraged beards for staff to act as an air filter. [166], Several other extensions have been proposed in recent years, including a further extension of the Northern line to Clapham Junction. Recurrent architectural structures, an array of surfaces and an abundance of beautifully designed furniture, lighting and details all make London's iconic 150-year-old transport system pretty special. [227] The stations on the Jubilee Line Extension, opened in 1999, were the first stations on the system designed with accessibility in mind, but retrofitting accessibility features to the older stations is a major investment that is planned to take over twenty years. [228] A 2010 London Assembly report concluded that over 10% of people in London had reduced mobility[229] and, with an ageing population, numbers will increase in the future. An example is Green Park tube station, where false ceiling panels attached to metal frames have been installed that reduce the above-head airspace diameter by more than half in many parts. It has been shown as two separate stations at different times in the past. [340], This article is about the rapid transit system in London. [76] Under the control of the GLC, London Transport introduced a system of fare zones for buses and underground trains that cut the average fare in 1981. The London Underground (also known simply as the Underground or by its nickname the Tube) is a rapid transit system serving Greater London and some parts of the adjacent counties of Buckinghamshire, Essex and Hertfordshire in England. [11] Outside the tunnels of central London, many lines' trains tend to travel at over 40mph (64km/h) in the suburban and countryside areas. [6] The Underground has its origins in the Metropolitan Railway, the world's first underground passenger railway. For London Underground passengers, research suggests that transfers are highly costly in terms of walk and wait times. Download free London travel maps of the London Underground and other public transport routes. 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